Perfeccionismo en la educación musical durante la adolescencia: una revisión crítica de la literatura y perspectivas para la investigación en España
Martín Mateo–Laguía – Conservatorio Profesional de Música de Torrent - ORCID
Resumen
El perfeccionismo ha sido identificado como un rasgo psicológico relevante en contextos de alto rendimiento, como el ámbito de la educación musical reglada, donde puede asociarse tanto a la excelencia interpretativa como a la ansiedad escénica y a otros indicadores de malestar. En la adolescencia, un periodo crucial para el desarrollo de la identidad, el perfeccionismo puede tener implicaciones significativas en la salud mental y en el desarrollo artístico del estudiantado de conservatorio. Este artículo presenta una revisión de la literatura sobre el perfeccionismo en músicos adolescentes, abordando su conceptualización multidimensional, su relación con la ansiedad escénica y sus consecuencias pedagógicas. Se examinan estudios empíricos realizados en diferentes países, con especial atención a las tipologías de perfeccionismo y los instrumentos psicométricos utilizados. A partir de esta revisión, se identifica una laguna notable en la investigación llevada a cabo en el contexto español con población adolescente en la etapa de las Enseñanzas Profesionales de Música. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones para la práctica educativa y se proponen líneas de investigación futura que contemplen un enfoque más contextualizado, preventivo y pedagógicamente fundado.
Palabra clave: Perfeccionismo
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