Jean Dangler. Abject pilgrimage and healing in Jaume Roig's Spill. Dynamis, 2003, 23.  

Summary

1.- The contents of Jaume Roig's Spill o Llibre de les dones. 2.-The Spill in its social context. 3.-Ramería, or abject pilgrimage in the spill. 3.1.-Strategies of subversion: The severed link between pilgrimage and healing. 3.2.-The broken parallel between sacred and earthly women healers. 3.3.-The lost integration of pilgrims and saints. 4.-Conclusion

Abstract

In the Spill o Llibre de les dones, the 15th century writer and physician from Valencia, Jaume Roig, uses the motif of pilgrimage to attack earthly women, particularly women healers. Roig undermines the salutary function of medieval pilgrimage in order to expose worldly women in their effort to harm male pilgrims. Since men cannot rely on earthly women, they must seek a healing encounter with the Virgin, whose salutary ministrations are always constant and efficacious. Roig’s assault on women through pilgrimage relates to wider social attempts to marginalize traditional women healers from legitimate salutary practice, since he aims to dissuade male readers from seeking women’s healing services in everyday society.

José Valenzuela Candelar. The insigne and suntuoso Royal Hospital of Granada (I). Royal foundations and the hospital regrouping (1501-1526). Dynamis, 2003, 23. 

Summary

1.—Introduction. 2.—Royal foundations. 2.1.—Royal Hospital of the Alhambra. 2.2.—Hospital of the Kings 3.—The economic-care project of the extramural Royal Hospital. 4.—The hospital merger: the re-foundation.

Abstract

In the 1520s the local authorities planned to set up a new modern hospital in the city of Granada by combining two existing Royal Hospitals: Alhambra and Reyes. As a public institution and as a new building, the new hospital could develop the mandates of the original foundation and extend its care to become a general hospital. In this way it would strengthen its status as a charitable undertaking and legacy of the Catholic Monarchs and, secondly, as a great architectural monument

Donato Gómez Díaz y María José Gómez Díaz. Almeria faced by contagion: Health practice in the 18th century. Dynamis, 2003, 23. 

Summary

Summary 1.—Introduction. 2.—An Almerian institution: The Health Board. 3.—Health practice: Almeria faced by contagion. 3.1.—External health surveillance. 3.2.—Internal health surveillance. 4.—Activities and powers of the Health Board: the example of Roquetas in 1768. 5.—The economic life of an infected city. 6.—From moral probity to health: the Church, another form of protection.

Abstract

Epidemics in Almeria during the 18th Century and the beginnings of the 19th Century are described, as well as the measures adopted to avoid them, regarding both internal contagion and the need for surveillance of incoming ships. The economic consequences of the prophylactic measures taken are also considered. Finally, the role of the Church in extreme situations is analyzed.

José María Cano Pavón. Granada Professorships of the Conservatorio de Artes (Art School) (1833- 1845) Dynamis, 2003, 23.  

Summary

1.—Introduction. 2.—The Conservatorio de Artes and its extension to the provinces. 3.—Creation of Granada Professorships. 4.—Regulation of the Professorships. 5.—Evolution of the teachings. 6.—The Professors: Montells and Hore. 7.—Conclusions.

Abstract

This paper reviews the studies for workers and craftsmen established in Granada early in the liberal period. In 1833, the teachings of the Conservatorio de Artes (Art School) of Madrid were extended to various Spanish cities with a view to providing industrial workers with basic education. In Granada, a Geometry and Mechanics chair and an Applied Chemistry chair were established under the control of the Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País. These chairs were held by Javier de Hore and Francisco de Paula Montells y Nadal, respectively. Although aimed at educating workers and craftsmen, few of these attended the lectures because the teaching level was too high for them. In fact, most of the attendees were university students. In 1837, the Sociedad Económica ceased to manage the professorships, and only the Chemistry chair continued to operate; however, its studies grew gradually closer to the university curriculum (so much so that they were easily recognized by the University). In 1845, the holder of the Chemistry chair, Montells, was appointed Professor of Chemistry at the Philosophy Faculty of the University of Granada, which led to the eventual disappearance of the education programme for craftsmen in the city.

José M. Climent y Rosa Ballester. The links between technology and specialist practice in rehabilitation: the model of gymnastic technology in 19th century Spain. Dynamis, 2003, 23. 

Summary

1.—Introduction. 2.—Frame of reference: gymnastics in 19th century Spain. 2.1.—The Institute of Mechanotherapy. 3.—Gymnastic machines. 3.1.—Devices with diagnostic utility. 3.2.—Devices with therapeutic utility. 4.—Development of gymnastic technology and medical practice. 5.—Gymnastic machines and industrialisation. 6.—The popular perception of gymnastic technology.

Abstract

Gymnastic technology had a decisive role in the configuration of a particular medical specialty, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. Its study is critical to understand the strong division of work roles that existed in this field, with a medical specialty and several professions linked to physiotherapy and rehabilitation. This process was developed in two well-defined phases: the assimilation of the knowledge and technological advances of gymnasts at the beginning of the 19th Century, and the appropriation of the use of these appliances by doctors. Both factors favoured the emergence of the new professions.

Isabel Delgado Torres. Morphological studies in the theory of the chromosomal determination of sex: 1880-1912. Dynamis, 2003, 23. 
III Premio DYNAMIS de fomento a la investigación en historia de la medicina y de la salud

Summary

1.—Introduction. 2.—Materials and methods. 3.—The development of morphology in Germany and North America. 6.—The theoretical postulates. 7.—Research on sex determination. 7.1.—Morphological descriptions of gonads and gametes. 7.2.—The existence of two types of spermatozoid and two types of ovum. 7.3.—Research on parthenogenesis. 7.4.—Reduction in the number of chromosomes and discovery of the accessory chromosome. 7.5.—Epigenesis and sex determination. 8.—Conclusions.

Abstract

This article analyses morphological research on sex determination from the late nineteenth-century to the discovery of sex chromosomes and the theory of sex determination by chromosomes. It describes the links between Morphology and Zoology through their development in Germany and North America, as main producer countries. Cytological research, carried out on a wide spectrum of zoological species, led to an understanding of important problems regarding the number, appearance and behaviour of chromosomes, supporting determinist hypotheses against those defending the importance of environmental or cytoplasmic factors in the control of development.