Miguel López Pérez. Some features of the relationship between Lullism and pseudo-Lullism in the early modern times. Dynamis, 2002, 22, 327- 350.  

Summary

1.—Llull the alchemist: state of the issue. 2.—From the 14th to the 15th century. 3.—From the 15th to the 16th century. 4.—The 16th century.

Abstract

In this work, the author presents, following a chronologic sequence, some aspects of Llull’s image that became controversial during the 16th century, especially the discussion about the idea of Llull as alchemist, which developed around the 16th century. To this end, the author analyses the origin and development of the polemic since the 14th century, including the «official» positions. At the same time, the two positions (Llull the alchemist and Llull the philosopher) are related to similar occurrences outside the Iberian Peninsular, especially in France and Italy.

Ana María Carrillo. Médicos del México decimonónico: entre el control estatal y la autonomía profesional. Dynamis, 2002, 22, 351- 375. 

Summary

1.—Introduction. 2.—Economic issues in medical practice. 2.1.—The «medical priesthood»: charity versus market. 2.2.—Fees and tariffs. 3.—State control of medical education and practice. 3.1.—Evaluation of medical knowledge. 3.2.—Physicians are only accountable to their peers 3.3.—The medical secret and political ideologies. 3.4.—The field of work. 4.—Conclusions.

Abstract

This article analyses the struggles of 19th century Mexican physicians to gain professional autonomy versus the state. Medical practitioners sought to resist the imposition of a series of state measures, including directives to attend all patients and provide free care to the poor, forced adherence to political ideologies, state control of medical education, penal action in cases of professional liability, violation of medical confidentiality, and challenges to professional freedom. The article shows the reach of political power over medical practice in the 19th century, and explains the range and limits of the power of the medical profession.

Luis Navarro Veguillas y Enric Pérez Canals. Boltzmann’s principle and Einstein’s first quantum theories. Dynamis, 2002, 22, 377- 410. 

Summary

1.—Introduction: from the energy elements of Boltzmann (1877) to the quanta of Planck (1900). 2.—Gas, radiation and Boltzmann’s principle (1905-1906). 3.—Fluctuations and Boltzmann’s principle (1907-1910). 4.—The First Solvay Conference (1911): in search of probability. 5.—Epilogue: Boltzmann’s principle and the adiabatic hypothesis...

Abstract

The crucial role played by statistical mechanics in Einstein’s work on quantum theory has been repeatedly stressed. Nevertheless, in this paper we argue that Einstein’s attitude to Boltzmann’s principle was more complex than is usually understood. In fact, there are significant differences and nuances that in our opinion have yet to be sufficiently considered, in the various interpretations and uses Einstein made of this principle in his work on quantum theory, more specifically between 1905 and the First Solvay Conference, in 1911.